Medical Research on Yoga

Medical research on yoga  General reviews  Khalsa SB. Yoga as a therapeutic intervention: a bibliometric analysis of published research studies. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2004 Jul;48(3):269-85. PMID: 15648399  Levitz L. Yoga and rehabilitation. Am Arch Rehabil Ther. 1977 Spring;25(1):11-6. PMID: 10236619  Nayak NN, Shankar K. Yoga: a therapeutic approach. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2004 Nov;15(4):783-98, vi. PMID: 15458752  Raub JA. Psychophysiologic effects of Hatha Yoga on musculoskeletal and cardiopulmonary function: a literature review. J Altern Complement Med. 2002 Dec;8(6):797-812. PMID: 12614533  Riley D. Hatha yoga and the treatment of illness. Altern Ther Health Med. 2004 Mar-Apr;10(2):20-1. PMID: 15055088  Saper RB, Eisenberg DM, Davis RB, Culpepper L, Phillips RS. Prevalence and patterns of adult yoga use in the United States: results of a national survey. Altern Ther Health Med. 2004 Mar-Apr;10(2):44-9. PMID: 15055093  Udupa KN, Singh RH. The scientific basis of yoga. JAMA. 1972 Jun 5;220(10):1365. PMID: 5067335  Telles S, Naveen KV. Yoga for rehabilitation: an overview. Indian J Med Sci. 1997 Apr;51(4):123-7. PMID: 9355699  Physiologic effects of yoga  Arambula P, Peper E, Kawakami M, Gibney KH. The physiological correlates of Kundalini Yoga meditation: a study of a yoga master. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2001 Jun;26(2):147-53. PMID: 11480165  Birkel DA, Edgren L. Hatha yoga: improved vital capacity of college students. Altern Ther Health Med. 2000 Nov;6(6):55-63. PMID: 11076447  Chohan IS, Nayar HS, Thomas P, Geetha NS. Influence of yoga on blood coagulation. Thromb Haemost. 1984 Apr 30;51(2):196-7. PMID: 6740553  Clay CC, Lloyd LK, Walker JL, Sharp KR, Pankey RB. The metabolic cost of hatha yoga. J Strength Cond Res. 2005 Aug;19(3):604-10. PMID: 16095417  Dash M, Telles S. Yoga training and motor speed based on a finger tapping task. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1999 Oct;43(4):458-62. PMID: 10776461  Fenz WD, Plapp JM. Voluntary control of heart rate in a practitioner of yoga: negative findings. Percept Mot Skills. 1970 Apr;30(2):493-4. PMID: 5454053  Harinath K, Malhotra AS, Pal K, Prasad R, Kumar R, Kain TC, Rai L, Sawhney RC. Effects of Hatha yoga and Omkar meditation on cardiorespiratory performance, psychologic profile, and melatonin secretion. J Altern Complement Med. 2004 Apr;10(2):261-8. PMID: 15165407  Madanmohan, Udupa K, Bhavanani AB, Shatapathy CC, Sahai A. Modulation of cardiovascular response to exercise by yoga training.Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2004 Oct;48(4):461-5. PMID: 15907055  Manjunath NK, Telles S. Factors influencing changes in tweezer dexterity scores following yoga training. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1999 Apr;43(2):225-9. PMID: 10365316  Morse DR, Cohen L, Furst ML, Martin JS. A physiological evaluation of the yoga concept of respiratory control of autonomic nervous system activity. Int J Psychosom. 1984;31(1):3-19. PMID: 6590525  Muralidhara DV, Ranganathan KV. Effect of yoga practice on Cardiac Recovery Index. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1982 Oct-Dec;26(4):279-83. PMID: 7152636  Raghuraj P, Telles S. Right uninostril yoga breathing influences ipsilateral components of middle latency auditory evoked potentials. Neurol Sci. 2004 Dec;25(5):274-80. PMID: 15624085  Raju PS, Prasad KV, Venkata RY, Murthy KJ, Reddy MV. Influence of intensive yoga training on physiological changes in 6 adult women: a case report. J Altern Complement Med. 1997 Fall;3(3):291-5. PMID: 9430331  Spicuzza L, Gabutti A, Porta C, Montano N, Bernardi L. Yoga and chemoreflex response to hypoxia and hypercapnia. Lancet. 2000 Oct 28;356(9240):1495-6. Erratum in: Lancet 2000 Nov 4;356(9241):1612. PMID: 11081541  Stanescu DC, Nemery B, Veriter C, Marechal C. Pattern of breathing and ventilatory response to CO2 in subjects practicing hatha-yoga.  J Appl Physiol. 1981 Dec;51(6):1625-9. PMID: 6798002  Telles S, Joshi M, Dash M, Raghuraj P, Naveen KV, Nagendra HR. An evaluation of the ability to voluntarily reduce the heart rate after a month of yoga practice.  Integr Physiol Behav Sci. 2004 Apr-Jun;39(2):119-25. PMID: 15759599  Telles S, Reddy SK, Nagendra HR. Oxygen consumption and respiration following two yoga relaxation techniques. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2000 Dec;25(4):221-7. PMID: 11218923  Telles S, Ramaprabhu V, Reddy SK. Effect of yoga training on maze learning. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2000 Apr;44(2):197-201. PMID: 10846635  Telles S, Nagarathna R, Vani PR, Nagendra HR. A combination of focusing and defocusing through yoga reduces optical illusion more than focusing alone. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1997 Apr;41(2):179-82. PMID: 9142567  Telles S, Hanumanthaiah BH, Nagarathna R, Nagendra HR. Plasticity of motor control systems demonstrated by yoga training. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1994 Apr;38(2):143-4. PMID: 8063362  Telles S, Nagarathna R, Nagendra HR, Desiraju T. Physiological changes in sports teachers following 3 months of training in Yoga. Indian J Med Sci. 1993 Oct;47(10):235-8. PMID: 8112782  Telles S, Desiraju T. Autonomic changes in Brahmakumaris Raja yoga meditation. Int J Psychophysiol. 1993 Sep;15(2):147-52. PMID: 8244842  Vani PR, Nagarathna R, Nagendra HR, Telles S. Progressive increase in critical flicker fusion frequency following yoga training.  Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1997 Jan;41(1):71-4. PMID: 10225037  Vempati RP, Telles S. Yoga-based guided relaxation reduces sympathetic activity judged from baseline levels. Psychol Rep. 2002 Apr;90(2):487-94. PMID: 12061588  Vijayalakshmi P, Madanmohan, Bhavanani AB, Patil A, Babu K. Modulation of stress induced by isometric handgrip test in hypertensive patients following yogic relaxation training. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2004 Jan;48(1):59-64. PMID: 15270370  Villien F, Yu M, Barthelemy P, Jammes Y. Training to yoga respiration selectively increases respiratory sensation in healthy man. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2005 Mar;146(1):85-96. PMID: 15733782  Yadav RK, Ray RB, Vempati R, Bijlani RL. Effect of a comprehensive yoga-based lifestyle modification program on lipid peroxidation. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2005 Jul-Sep;49(3):358-62. PMID: 16440857  General health and aging  Bijlani RL, Vempati RP, Yadav RK, Ray RB, Gupta V, Sharma R, Mehta N, Mahapatra SC. A brief but comprehensive lifestyle education program based on yoga reduces risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. J Altern Complement Med. 2005 Apr;11(2):267-74. PMID: 15865492  DiBenedetto M, Innes KE, Taylor AG, Rodeheaver PF, Boxer JA, Wright HJ, Kerrigan DC. Effect of a gentle Iyengar yoga program on gait in the elderly: an exploratory study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005 Sep;86(9):1830-7. PMID: 16181950  Haber D. Yoga as a preventive health care program for white and black elders: an exploratory study. Int J Aging Hum Dev. 1983;17(3):169-76. PMID: 6671816  Behera D. Yoga therapy in chronic bronchitis. J Assoc Physicians India. 1998 Feb;46(2):207-8. PMID: 11273114  Bielory L, Russin J, Zuckerman GB. Clinical efficacy, mechanisms of action, and adverse effects of complementary and alternative medicine therapies for asthma. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2004 Sep-Oct;25(5):283-91. PMID: 15603200  Blazek-O'Neill B. Complementary and alternative medicine in allergy, otitis media, and asthma. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2005 Jul;5(4):313-8. PMID: 15967074  Coll R, Tello A. Yoga in bronchial asthma. Arch Bronconeumol. 1994 Aug-Sep;30(7):369. PMID: 7952843  Cooper S, Oborne J, Newton S, Harrison V, Thompson Coon J, Lewis S, Tattersfield A. Effect of two breathing exercises (Buteyko and pranayama) in asthma: a randomised controlled trial. Thorax. 2003 Aug;58(8):674-9. PMID: 12885982  Fluge T, Richter J, Fabel H, Zysno E, Weller E, Wagner TO. Long-term effects of breathing exercises and yoga in patients with bronchial asthma. Pneumologie. 1994 Jul;48(7):484-90. PMID: 7937658  Goyeche JR, Abo Y, Ikemi Y. Asthma: the yoga perspective. Part II: Yoga therapy in the treatment of asthma. J Asthma. 1982;19(3):189-201. PMID: 7118825  Goyeche JR, Ago Y, Ikemi Y. Asthma: The yoga perspective. Part I. The somatopsychic imbalance in asthma: towards a holistic therapy. J Asthma Res. 1980 Apr;17(3):111-21. PMID: 7251550  Jain SC, Talukdar B. Evaluation of yoga therapy programme for patients of bronchial asthma. Singapore Med J. 1993 Aug;34(4):306-8. PMID: 8266199  Jain SC, Rai L, Valecha A, Jha UK, Bhatnagar SO, Ram K. Effect of yoga training on exercise tolerance in adolescents with childhood asthma. J Asthma. 1991;28(6):437-42. PMID: 1744029  Khanam AA, Sachdeva U, Guleria R, Deepak KK. Study of pulmonary and autonomic functions of asthma patients after yoga training. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1996 Oct;40(4):318-24. PMID: 9055100  Krusche F.Yoga respiratory therapy helps children with asthma. Fortschr Med. 1999 Feb 20;117(5):44. PMID: 10095314  Lane DJ, Lane TV. Alternative and complementary medicine for asthma. Thorax. 1991 Nov;46(11):787-97. PMID: 1771600  Lehrer P, Feldman J, Giardino N, Song HS, Schmaling K. Psychological aspects of asthma. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2002 Jun;70(3):691-711. PMID: 12090377  Maevskii AA. A complex of breathing exercises (hatha yoga) to arrest the developing attacks of dyspnea in bronchial asthma. Klin Med (Mosk). 1995;73(4):87-8. PMID: 7474837  Manocha R, Marks GB, Kenchington P, Peters D, Salome CM. Sahaja yoga in the management of moderate to severe asthma: a randomised controlled trial. Thorax. 2002 Feb;57(2):110-5. PMID: 11828038  McIver S, O'Halloran P, McGartland M. The impact of Hatha yoga on smoking behavior. Altern Ther Health Med. 2004 Mar-Apr;10(2):22-3. PMID: 15055089  Miller AL. The etiologies, pathophysiology, and alternative/complementary treatment of asthma. Altern Med Rev. 2001 Feb;6(1):20-47. PMID: 11207455  Nagendra HR, Nagarathna R. An integrated approach of yoga therapy for bronchial asthma: a 3-54-month prospective study. J Asthma. 1986;23(3):123-37. PMID: 3745111  Nagarathna R, Nagendra HR. Yoga for bronchial asthma: a controlled study. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1985 Oct 19;291(6502):1077-9. PMID: 3931802  Ram FS, Holloway EA, Jones PW. Breathing retraining for asthma. Respir Med. 2003 May;97(5):501-7. PMID: 12735667  Sabina AB, Williams AL, Wall HK, Bansal S, Chupp G, Katz DL. Yoga intervention for adults with mild-to-moderate asthma: a pilot study. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2005 May;94(5):543-8. PMID: 15945557  Sathyaprabha TN, Murthy H, Murthy BT. Efficacy of naturopathy and yoga in bronchial asthma--a self controlled matched scientific study. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2001 Jan;45(1):80-6. PMID: 11211575  Singh V, Wisniewski A, Britton J, Tattersfield A. Effect of yoga breathing exercises (pranayama) on airway reactivity in subjects with asthma. Lancet. 1990 Jun 9;335(8702):1381-3. PMID: 1971670  Singh V. Kunjal: a nonspecific protective factor in management of bronchial asthma. J Asthma. 1987;24(3):183-6. PMID: 3505533  Vedanthan PK, Kesavalu LN, Murthy KC, Duvall K, Hall MJ, Baker S, Nagarathna S. Clinical study of yoga techniques in university students with asthma: a controlled study. Allergy Asthma Proc. 1998 Jan-Feb;19(1):3-9. PMID: 9532318  Arthritis  Dash M, Telles S.Improvement in hand grip strength in normal volunteers and rheumatoid arthritis patients following yoga training. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2001 Jul;45(3):355-60. PMID: 11881576  Garfinkel M, Schumacher HR Jr. Yoga. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2000 Feb;26(1):125-32, x. PMID: 10680200  Garfinkel MS, Schumacher HR Jr, Husain A, Levy M, Reshetar RA. Evaluation of a yoga based regimen for treatment of osteoarthritis of the hands. J Rheumatol. 1994 Dec;21(12):2341-3. PMID: 7699639  Haslock I, Monro R, Nagarathna R, Nagendra HR, Raghuram NV. Measuring the effects of yoga in rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Rheumatol. 1994 Aug;33(8):787-8. PMID: 8055212  Back Pain  Galantino ML, Bzdewka TM, Eissler-Russo JL, Holbrook ML, Mogck EP, Geigle P, Farrar JT. The impact of modified Hatha yoga on chronic low back pain: a pilot study. Altern Ther Health Med. 2004 Mar-Apr;10(2):56-9. PMID: 15055095  Greendale GA, McDivit A, Carpenter A, Seeger L, Huang MH. Yoga for women with hyperkyphosis: results of a pilot study. Am J Public Health. 2002 Oct;92(10):1611-4. PMID: 12356608  Luskin FM, Newell KA, Griffith M, Holmes M, Telles S, DiNucci E, Marvasti FF, Hill M, Pelletier KR, Haskell WL. A review of mind/body therapies in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders with implications for the elderly. Altern Ther Health Med. 2000 Mar;6(2):46-56. PMID: 10710803  Mehling WE, Hamel KA, Acree M, Byl N, Hecht FM. Randomized, controlled trial of breath therapy for patients with chronic low-back pain. Altern Ther Health Med. 2005 Jul-Aug;11(4):44-52. PMID: 16053121  Sherman KJ, Cherkin DC, Erro J, Miglioretti DL, Deyo RA. Comparing yoga, exercise, and a self-care book for chronic low back pain: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 2005 Dec 20;143(12):849-56. PMID: 16365466  Williams KA, Petronis J, Smith D, Goodrich D, Wu J, Ravi N, Doyle EJ Jr, Gregory Juckett R, Munoz Kolar M, Gross R, Steinberg L. Effect of Iyengar yoga therapy for chronic low back pain. Pain. 2005 May;115(1-2):107-17. PMID: 15836974  Cardiovascular disease and hypertension  Bharshankar JR, Bharshankar RN, Deshpande VN, Kaore SB, Gosavi GB.Effect of yoga on cardiovascular system in subjects above 40 years. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2003 Apr;47(2):202-6. PMID: 15255625  Damodaran A, Malathi A, Patil N, Shah N, Suryavansihi, Marathe S. Therapeutic potential of yoga practices in modifying cardiovascular risk profile in middle aged men and women. J Assoc Physicians India. 2002 May;50(5):633-40. PMID: 12186115  Jayasinghe SR. Yoga in cardiac health (a review). Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2004 Oct;11(5):369-75. PMID: 15616408  Mahajan AS, Reddy KS, Sachdeva U. Lipid profile of coronary risk subjects following yogic lifestyle intervention. Indian Heart J. 1999 Jan-Feb;51(1):37-40.  PMID: 10327777  Mamtani R, Mamtani R. Ayurveda and yoga in cardiovascular diseases. Cardiol Rev. 2005 May-Jun;13(3):155-62. PMID: 15834238  Manchanda SC, Narang R, Reddy KS, Sachdeva U, Prabhakaran D, Dharmanand S, Rajani M, Bijlani R. Retardation of coronary atherosclerosis with yoga lifestyle intervention. J Assoc Physicians India. 2000 Jul;48(7):687-94. PMID: 11273502  McCaffrey R, Ruknui P, Hatthakit U, Kasetsomboon P. The effects of yoga on hypertensive persons in Thailand. Holist Nurs Pract. 2005 Jul-Aug;19(4):173-80. PMID: 16006832  Murugesan R, Govindarajulu N, Bera TK. Effect of selected yogic practices on the management of hypertension. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2000 Apr;44(2):207-10. PMID: 10846637  Sundar S, Agrawal SK, Singh VP, Bhattacharya SK, Udupa KN, Vaish SK. Role of yoga in management of essential hypertension.Acta Cardiol. 1984;39(3):203-8. PMID: 6331698  Tulpule TH, Tulpule AT. Yoga. A method of relaxation for rehabilitation after myocardial infarction. Indian Heart J. 1980 Jan-Feb;32(1):1-7. PMID: 6991393  Yogendra J, Yogendra HJ, Ambardekar S, Lele RD, Shetty S, Dave M, Husein N. Beneficial effects of yoga lifestyle on reversibility of ischaemic heart disease: caring heart project of International Board of Yoga. J Assoc Physicians India. 2004 Apr;52:283-9. PMID: 15636328  Cancer  Bower JE, Woolery A, Sternlieb B, Garet D. Yoga for cancer patients and survivors. Cancer Control. 2005 Jul;12(3):165-71. PMID: 16062164  Diabetes  Jain SC, Uppal A, Bhatnagar SO, Talukdar B. A study of response pattern of non-insulin dependent diabetics to yoga therapy. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1993 Jan;19(1):69-74. PMID: 8472621  Malhotra V, Singh S, Tandon OP, Madhu SV, Prasad A, Sharma SB. Effect of Yoga asanas on nerve conduction in type 2 diabetes.  Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2002 Jul;46(3):298-306. PMID: 12613392  Malhotra V, Singh S, Singh KP, Gupta P, Sharma SB, Madhu SV, Tandon OP. Study of yoga asanas in assessment of pulmonary function in NIDDM patients. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2002 Jul;46(3):313-20. PMID: 12613394  Singh S, Malhotra V, Singh KP, Madhu SV, Tandon OP. Role of yoga in modifying certain cardiovascular functions in type 2 diabetic patients. J Assoc Physicians India. 2004 Mar;52:203-6. PMID: 15636309  Depression, mood and other psychiatric diseases  Lavey R, Sherman T, Mueser KT, Osborne DD, Currier M, Wolfe R. The effects of yoga on mood in psychiatric inpatients.Psychiatr Rehabil J. 2005 Spring;28(4):399-402. PMID: 15895926  Malathi A, Damodaran A. Stress due to exams in medical students--role of yoga. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1999 Apr;43(2):218-24. PMID: 10365315  Nespor K. Twelve years of experience with yoga in psychiatry. Int J Psychosom. 1993;40(1-4):105-7. PMID: 8070977  Shaffer HJ, LaSalvia TA, Stein JP. Comparing Hatha yoga with dynamic group psychotherapy for enhancing methadone maintenance treatment: a randomized clinical trial. Altern Ther Health Med. 1997 Jul;3(4):57-66. PMID: 9210777  Shannahoff-Khalsa DS. An introduction to Kundalini yoga meditation techniques that are specific for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. J Altern Complement Med. 2004 Feb;10(1):91-101. PMID: 15025884  Schell FJ, Allolio B, Schonecke OW. Physiological and psychological effects of Hatha-Yoga exercise in healthy women. Int J Psychosom. 1994;41(1-4):46-52. PMID: 7843867  Schulte HJ, Abhyanker VV. Yogic breathing and psychologic states. Ariz Med. 1979 Sep;36(9):681-3. PMID: 496679  Vahia NS, Vinekar SL, Doongaji DR. Some ancient Indian concepts in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Br J Psychiatry. 1966 Nov;112(492):1089-96. PMID: 5971528  West J, Otte C, Geher K, Johnson J, Mohr DC. Effects of Hatha yoga and African dance on perceived stress, affect, and salivary cortisol. Ann Behav Med. 2004 Oct;28(2):114-8. PMID: 15454358  Woolery A, Myers H, Sternlieb B, Zeltzer L. A yoga intervention for young adults with elevated symptoms of depression.Altern Ther Health Med. 2004 Mar-Apr;10(2):60-3. PMID: 15055096  Wood C. Mood change and perceptions of vitality: a comparison of the effects of relaxation, visualization and yoga. J R Soc Med. 1993 May;86(5):254-8. PMID: 8505745  Nervous system (Epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, stroke, special senses)  Bastille JV, Gill-Body KM. A yoga-based exercise program for people with chronic poststroke hemiparesis. Phys Ther. 2004 Jan;84(1):33-48. PMID: 14992675  DeMayo W, Singh B, Duryea B, Riley D. Hatha yoga and meditation in patients with post-polio syndrome. Altern Ther Health Med. 2004 Mar-Apr;10(2):24-5. PMID: 15055090  Oken BS, Kishiyama S, Zajdel D, Bourdette D, Carlsen J, Haas M, Hugos C, Kraemer DF, Lawrence J, Mass M. Randomized controlled trial of yoga and exercise in multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 2004 Jun 8;62(11):2058-64. PMID: 15184614  Panjwani U, Selvamurthy W, Singh SH, Gupta HL, Mukhopadhyay S, Thakur L. Effect of Sahaja yoga meditation on auditory evoked potentials (AEP) and visual contrast sensitivity (VCS) in epileptics. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2000 Mar;25(1):1-12. PMID: 10832506  Panjwani U, Selvamurthy W, Singh SH, Gupta HL, Thakur L, Rai UC. Effect of Sahaja yoga practice on seizure control & EEG changes in patients of epilepsy.  Indian J Med Res. 1996 Mar;103:165-72. PMID: 9062044  Panjwani U, Gupta HL, Singh SH, Selvamurthy W, Rai UC. Effect of Sahaja yoga practice on stress management in patients of epilepsy. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1995 Apr;39(2):111-6. PMID: 7649596  Ramaratnam S, Sridharan K. Yoga for epilepsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(3):CD001524. Review. PMID: 10908505  Rice R, Allen RC. Yoga in glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol. 1985 Nov 15;100(5):738-9. PMID: 4061559  Insomnia  Khalsa SB. Treatment of chronic insomnia with yoga: a preliminary study with sleep-wake diaries. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2004 Dec;29(4):269-78. PMID: 15707256 Obesity  Kristal AR, Littman AJ, Benitez D, White E. Yoga practice is associated with attenuated weight gain in healthy, middle-aged men and women. Altern Ther Health Med. 2005 Jul-Aug;11(4):28-33. PMID: 16053119  Orthopedics  Garfinkel MS, Singhal A, Katz WA, Allan DA, Reshetar R, Schumacher HR Jr. Yoga-based intervention for carpal tunnel syndrome: a randomized trial. JAMA. 1998 Nov 11;280(18):1601-3. PMID: 9820263  Pregnancy  Narendran S, Nagarathna R, Gunasheela S, Nagendra HR. Efficacy of yoga in pregnant women with abnormal Doppler study of umbilical and uterine arteries. J Indian Med Assoc. 2005 Jan;103(1):12-4, 16-7. PMID: 16008324  Narendran S, Nagarathna R, Narendran V, Gunasheela S, Nagendra HR. Efficacy of yoga on pregnancy outcome. J Altern Complement Med. 2005 Apr;11(2):237-44. PMID: 15865489  Wang SM, DeZinno P, Fermo L, William K, Caldwell-Andrews AA, Bravemen F, Kain ZN. Complementary and alternative medicine for low-back pain in pregnancy: a cross-sectional survey. J Altern Complement Med. 2005 Jun;11(3):459-64. PMID: 15992230